Abrasion:

External damage to a hose assembly caused by being rubbed on a foreign object.

Ambient or Atmospheric Conditions:

The surrounding conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and corrosion, to which a hose assembly is exposed.

Amplitude of Vibration and/Or Lateral Movement:

The distance a hose assembly deflects laterally to one side from its normal position, when this deflection occurs on both sides of the normal hose centerline.

Anchor:

A restraint applied to a pipeline to control its motion caused by thermal growth.

Annular:
The convolutions on a hose that are a series of complete circles or rings located at right angle to the longitudinal axis of the hose (sometimes referred to as bellows).

Application:
The service conditions that determine how a metal hose assembly will be used.

Armor or Casing:

Flexible interlocked tubing placed over the entire length, or in short lengths, at the end of a metal hose to protect it from physical damage and to limit the bending radius.

Attachment:

The method of fixing end fittings to flexible metal hose - welding, brazing, soldering, swaging, or mechanical.

Axial Movement:

Compression or elongation of the hose along its longitudinal axis.

Basket Weave:

A braid pattern in which the strands of wire alternately cross over and under two braid bands (two over – two under).

Bend Radius:

The radius of a bend measured to the hose centerline.

Braid:

A flexible wire sheath surrounding a metal hose that prevents the hose from elongation due to internal pressure; braid is composed of a number of wires wrapped helically around the hose while at the same time going under and over each other in a basket weave fashion.

Braid Angle:

The acute angle formed by the braid strands and the axis of the hose

Braid Make Up:

This term applies to the description of braid, i.e. 36x8x.014, 304L SS, where 36 = number of carriers, which equals the number of bands in a braid; 8 = number of wires on each carrier; .014 = wire diameter in inches; 304L = material, Type 304L stainless steel.

Braid Sleeve, Braid Band, or Ferrule:

A ring, made from tube or metal strip placed over the ends of a braided hose to contain the braid wires for attachment of fittings.

Braid Wear:

The motion between the braid and corrugated hose which normally causes wear on the O.D. of hose.

Braided Braid:

In this braid, the strands of wire on each carrier of the braiding machine are braided together, then braided in normal fashion, hence the term braided braid.

Brazing:

The process of joining metals using a non-ferrous filler metal, which melts above 800°F, yet less than the melting of the “parent metals” to be joined.

Butt Weld:

A process in which the edges or ends of metal sections are butted together and joined by welding.

Casing
(See definition under Armor)

Controlled Flexing:

Controlled flexing occurs when the hose is being flexed regularly, as in connections to moving components, for example platen presses and thermal growth in pipe work.

Convolution:

The annular or helical flexing member in corrugated or strip wound hose.

Corrosion:

The chemical or electro-chemical attack of a media upon a hose assembly.

Cycle-Motion:

The movement from normal to extreme position and return.

Developed Length:
The length of a hose plus fitting (overall) required to meet the conditions of a specific application.

Diamond Weave:

A braid pattern in which the strands alternately cross over one and under one of the strands (one over - one under), this is also known as plain weave.

Dye Penetrant Inspection or Test:

A method for detecting surface irregularities such as cracks, voids, porosity, etc., the surface to be checked is coated with a red dye that will penetrate existing defects; dye is removed from surface and a white developer is applied; if there is a defect in the surface being checked, the red dye remaining in it causes the white developer to be stained, thereby locating the defective area.

Displacement:

The amount of motion applied to a hose defined as inches for parallel offset and degrees for radial misalignment.

Dog-Leg Assembly:

Two hose assemblies joined by a common elbow.

Duplex Assembly:

An assembly consisting of two hose assemblies - one inside the other - and connected at the ends.

Effective Thrust Area - Hose and Bellows:

The cross-sectional area described by the outside diameter (at the tops of the convolutions) less two times the metal thickness of the hose or bellows.

Elastic (Intermittent Flexure):

The smallest radius that a given hose can be bent to without permanent deformation of the metal in its flexing members (convolutions or corrugations).

Erosion:

The wearing away of the inside convolutions of a hose caused by the flow of the media conveyed, such as wet steam, abrasive particles, etc.

Exposed Length:

The amount of active (exposed) hose in an assembly; does not include the length of fittings and ferrules.

Fatigue:
Failure of the metal structure associated with, or due to, the flexing of metal hose or bellows.

Ferrule:
(See definition for Braid Sleeve)

Fitting:

A loose term applied to the nipple, flange, union, etc., attached to the end of a metal hose

Flat Braid:

Has a braid angle greater than 45° (See Braid Angle).

Flow Rate:

A volume of media being conveyed in a given time period, e.g., cubic feet per hour, pounds per second, gallons per minute, etc.

Frequency:
The rate of vibration or flexure of a hose in a given time period, e.g., cycles per second (CPS), cycles per minute (CPM), cycles per day (CPD), etc.

Galvanic Corrosion:

The corrosion that occurs on the less noble of two dissimilar metals in direct contact with each other in an electrolyte, such as water, sodium chloride in solution or sulphuric acid.

Guide (For Piping):

A device that supports a pipe radially in all directions, but allows free longitudinal movement.